IGraphene, IMPAHLA YENJONGO-INJONGO
IGraphene sisixhobo esitsha esiza kuguqula izinto esizisebenzisela iimpahla.
Kuthethwe ngaphambili kwinqaku lethu kumalaphu amatsha, i-graphene iyaqhubeka nokubangela isiphithiphithi. Kwaye ngesizathu esihle. Ifunyenwe ngo-2004 ngabaphandi ababini abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseManchester, uAndré Geim noKonstantin Novoselov, kwaye bawongwa ngeBhaso likaNobel leFizikiki ngo-2010, le nto intsha ingazange ibonwe inezinto ezininzi ezingaqhelekanga.
Ukuthatha imilo yomaleko omnye weeathom zekhabhon ezicwangciswe kwipateni yobusi, igraphene iza kwifomu emsulwa, ngaphandle kwezongezo okanye chemistry. Icwangciswe nge-accordion-fold sheets, i-flat and extensible surface kunye ne-thermal kunye ne-electrical properties zenza ukuba ibe ngumgqatswa ofanelekileyo wokuhlanganiswa kwe-textile, ngaphezu kwe-utility yayo, njengokuba i-graphene ithatha i-hydrocarbons kunye nezinto eziphathekayo.
IGraphene inokuchazwa njengombala we-graphite. Yinto esisiseko yolunye uhlobo lwe allotropes, kubandakanya igrafite, amalahle, i-carbon nanotubes kunye ne-fullerenes. Ikwanokuthathelwa ingqalelo njengemolekyuli enkulu enamakha ngokungapheliyo, imeko ethintelayo yosapho lweplcycyclic ecekeceke yehydrocarbon. Uphando lweGraphene luye lwanda ngokukhawuleza okoko le nto yaqala yahlukaniswa ngo-2004. Uphando lwaziswa ngenkcazo ye-graphene yokwakheka, ulwakhiwo kunye neepropathi, ezazibaliwe zonke kumashumi eminyaka ngaphambili. I-graphene ekumgangatho ophezulu ikwabonakalise ukuba yinto elula ngokulula ukwahlulahlula, isenza ukuba uphando lube nokwenzeka. UAndre Geim noKonstantin Novoselov kwiYunivesithi yaseManchester baphumelela iBhaso likaNobel kwiFizikiki ngo-2010 “ngokwenza amalinge okuqhekeza umhlaba malunga ne-graphene enamacala amabini.
Amalaphu aqatywe iGraphene afunyenwe ngokuncitshiswa kweekhemikhali zegraphene oxide. Ukuqhuba amalaphu kuye kwafunyanwa kusetyenziselwa ukutyabeka igraphene. I-Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ibonakalise indlela yokuziphatha yelaphu. Inqanaba lokuskena yiparameter ephambili kulwakhiwo nge-cyclic voltammetry. Ukuvavanywa kwemicroscopy ye-electrochemical kubonise ukwanda kokusebenza kombane.